Elastic fabric and in the method of weaving it



July 21, 1925.

A. LAURAIN ELASTIC FABRIC AND IN THE METHOD OF WEAVING IT Filed Nov. 29, 1921 Patented July 21, 1925.

UNITED STATES ALFRED LAURAIN, OF PARIS, FRANCE,

ASSIGNORTO SOCIETE DU CAOUTGHOUC MANUFACTURE, OF PARIS, FRANCE, A CORPORATION OF FRANCE.

ELASTIC FABRIC AND IN THE METHOD OF WEA'VING IT.

Application filed. November To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED LAURAIN, citizen of the Republic of France, residing at 86 Rue Notre Dame de Nazareth, Paris, France, 6 have invented new and useful Improvements in Elastic Fabrics and in the Methods of lNeaving Them,of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object new and useful improvements in the manufacture of elastic woven fabrics of a very pliant or ere tensible nature. This improved fabric has the following characteristic features. First, it shows strips or hands with parallel and straight transverse ribs on both faces which ribs slightly project on both faces of the fabric. Second, between these series of transverse ribs and laterally thereof a strip with longitudinal ribs which do not project on both faces of the fabric. This strip or band with'longitudinal ribs as well as the strip with transverse ribs is also of a very elastic or pliant nature.

in the length of the elastic fabric, the strips or bands having their ribs disposed longitudinally are placed between two consecutive strips provided with protruding transverse ribs.

The number of transverse ribs is variable; the number of the longitudinal ribs is limited by the width of the elastic fabric which can be made of any desired width to meet requirements.

This invention is an improvement on the fabric forming the subject matter of my copending application bearing Serial No. 493,649.

The accompanying drawing shows the method of carrying out the present inven tion.

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View showing the exterior aspect of the fabric; indicates the strips or bands with parallel and straight transverse ribs which project on both faces of the fabric; 1) indicates the parts with longitudinally arranged ribs, these parts being nonemergent, that is they do not project from the fabric.

Figure 2 shows a double section through the fabric along lines mm and g y respeotively of Fig. 1. Obviously line w-w goes through the ribbed part and this appears in the left portion of Figure 2, whilst line yy goes through a non-ribbed part which 29, 1921. Serial No. 518,726.

gives the right portion of Figure 2 a nonribbed appearance.

Figure 3 shows diagrammatically a drawing in plan of the warp threads which impart to the fabric its great pliancy or suppleness. l designates the heald to which the elastic threads of rubber are fastened, such threads being represented by the vertical lines starting from such heald; 2, 3, 4i and 5 designate the healds to which the non-elastic threads entering into the formation of the strips a having transverse ribs are fastenechsuch threads being represented by the vertical lines starting from such.

healds 2, 3, l and 5; 6, 7, 8 and 9 designate the healds to which are fastened the nonelastic threads entering into the manufacture of the strips 6 having longitudinally arranged ribs.

The non-elastic threads may be'of cotton, linen, jute, ramie or of silk, viscose, silk substitute or artificial silk or of any other sim ple or compound threads.

It should be understood that no weft threads are elastic. The only elastic threads are the warp threads fastened to heald 1.

Figure 4; shows the point paper design or weave diagram for this fabric. In this figure the threads comprised below the bracket 05 show the point paper design or weave for these parts a of the fabric having transverse ribs, Figure 1, and the threads comprised below the brackets b show the point paper design or weave diagram for the parts 6 of the fabric with longitudinally arranged ribs 6, Figure 1.

In this figure the outer vertical column 1 designates a wire intended to facilitate the weaving as is customary in this art.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view ofthe exterior aspect of a modification of this elas tic fabric.

Figure 6 is a diagram showing the inter weaving of the parts a.

Figure 7 is a similar view showing the interweaving of the parts 6.

The squares bearing the crosses and the squares bearing the hatching indicate the threads to be raised; the white squares without crosses indicate the threads to be lowered.

The squares provided with crosses represent the elastic threads of rubber.

In making this fabric, it is necessary to have nine healds numbered 1 to 9 in Figure 3.

The heald 1 serves to work the rubber threads; 2 to 5 serve to work the threads producing the transverse ribs, i. e. the part a of the fabric (Figure 1).

The healds 6 to 9 serve to work the threads forming the longitudinalribs, i. e. the part b of the fabric (Figure 1).

The weave (Figure 4) is divided into two parts represented by the brackets 0 and d; the part 0 corresponds to the first eight picks and the part (Z to the following eight picks numbered 9 to 16.

These two groups of eight picks can be increased or diminished as desired according to the dimensions it is desired to give to the strips provided with transverse ribs.

The order of the weave is as follows At the first pick, the healds 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 9 are raised and the healds 2, 6 and 8 are lowered.

At the second pick, the healds 5, 7 and 9 are raised and 1, 2, 3, l, 6 and 8 are lowcred.

At the third pick, the healds 1, 2, 4t, 5, 7 and 9 are raised and 3, 6 and 8 are lowered.

At the fourth pick, the hcalds 1, 7 and 9 are raised and 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 8 are lowered.

At the fifth pick, the healds 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and S are raised and 2, T and 9 are lowered.

At the sixth pick, the healds 5, 6 and 8 are raised and 1, 2, 3, t, 7 and 9 are low cred.

At the seventh pick, the healds 1, 2, at, 5, 6 and 8 are raised and 3, 7 and 9 are low cred.

At the eighth pick, the healds 4;, 6 and 8 are raised and 1, 2, 3, 5, and 9 are lowered.

At the ninth pick, the healds 1, 3, 5, 7 and f) are raised and 2, 6 and S are lowered.

At the tenth pick, the heal'ds 3, 5, 7 and 9 are raised. and 1, :2, r, 6 and 3 are lowered.

At the eleventh pick, the healds 1, 2, 4', (S and S are raised and 3, 5, 7 and lowered.

At the twelfth pick, the healds 2, 4., 6 and 8 are raised and 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 are lowered.

The thirteenth pick is the ninth pick.

The fourteenth pick is the tenth pick.

The fifteenth pick is the same as eleventh pick.

The sixteenth pick is the twelfth pick.

The binding of the fabric presents, with regard to the sections a, which correspond to the very elastic parts with transverse ribs, some undulations c (Figure 2) by reason of which the fabric acquires an extraordinary degree of elasticity, suppleness or plisame as the same as the the same as the ancy which renders it desirable for numerous applications. By reason of the position of the sections Z) having longitudinal ribs between the sections a having emergent or projecting transverse ribs, the ensemble of the fabric produced in accordance with the point paper design or weave diagram of Figure .4. is uniformly of a very elastic nature with regard to the sections a and b.

It may be observed that there may be any number of strips or bands such as a and Z) in the width of the fabric.

As is clearly represented in Figure 5, this elastic fabric may also be manufactured in such a way as to produce in its length, next the sections (1, having transverse ribs, sections such as Z) having longitudinal ribs and, similar y next the sections 7) other sections such as (4 having transverse ribs, thus forming a fabric of an extremely pliant, elastic, flexible or supple nature, the exterior aspect of which would have the tessellated appearance of a draught-board.

Referring to the diagram, Figure 6, the points placed in staggered relation and numbered 1 to 16 designate the weft threads. The straight lines represent the taut elastic warp threads fastened to heald 1. The zig-zag shaped black lines represent the nonelastic warp threads respectively fastened to healds 2, 3, 1 and 5. The lowermost figure (of Fig. 6) shows the interweaving of the four latter threads with regard to the weft threads l16, the taut elastic thread 1 extending therethrough. hen the completed fabric is removed from the loom, such taut elastic thread shown at z retracts thus producing a rib at the point extending from weft thread 1 to weft thread 3. It is understood that the above weaving merely serves to produce the ribbed parts of the fabric indicated as the brackets 11. in Figure 1 of the drawing on tile.

Referring to Fig. .7, the points arranged in staggered relation and nun'ibered 1 to 16 designate the weft threads. The straight horizontal lines represent the taut elastic warp threads fastened to heald 1. T he zigzag shaped lines represent the non-elastic warp threads fastened to healcs (5, 7, 8 and 9, respectively. The lowermost figure rep resents the interweaving of the four nonelastic warp threads with relation to the weft threads, the elastic thread extending theretln'ough. Thread 8 works as thread (a and thread 9 works as thread 7. as is apparent from such diagram. The intercrossing of the warp threads 6, '4', 3, 9, from weft thread 1 to weft thread 8 is twice longer than from weft thread 9 to weft thread 16, for the sake of simplicity in the manufacture. This interweaving merely serves for producing the plain parts 7) of the fabric as indicated by brackets Z) in Fig ure 1.

What I claim and desire to secure by Let ters Patent is 1. A length of elastic fabric presenting transversely on both faces a sequence of very elastic transversely ribbed elongated sections and of elastic plain elongated sections having very slightly protruding longitudinal ribs, such plain sections being composed of interwoven rubber warp threads, textile warp threads and textile weft threads whereas said very elastic transversely ribbed sections present regularly spaced parallel ribs extending at right angles to the direction of the extensibility of the fabric and protruding above and under the fabric with respect to said plain sections, each of the said transverse ribs being composed of rubber warp threads, textile warp threads and textile weft threads so woven that said rubber warp threads are bound in each rib neither with the said textile warp threads nor with the last-mentioned textile weft threads and that the said three kinds of threads are thoroughly interwoven in the spaces between the said transverse ribs.

2. A length of elastic fabric presenting on both faces and on its whole surface the tessellated appearance of a draught-board by being constituted by a series of very elastic transversely ribbed squares and a series of elastic plain squares, all such squares being arranged quincuncially, in staggered relation, to one another, the elastic plain squares being composed of interwoven rubber warp threads, textile warp threads and textile weft threads whereas said very elastic transversely ribbed squares present regularly spaced parallel ribs extending at right angles to the direction of extensibility of the fabric and protruding above and under the fabric with respect to said plain squares, each of the said trans verse ribs being composed of rubber warp threads, textile warp threads and textile weft threads so woven that said rubber warp threads are bound in each rib neither with the said textile warp threads nor with the last-mentioned textile weft threads and that the said three kinds of threads are thoroughly interwoven in the spaces between the said transverse ribs in each ribbed square.

The method of weaving a length of it improved elastic fabric presenting transversely on both faces a sequence of very elastic transversely ribbed elongated sections and of elastic plain elongated sections having very slightly protruding longitudinal ribs, and made up of rubber warp threads, textile warp threads and textile weft threads in the proportion of one rubber Warp thread for four textile warp threads,

such method consisting to produce said plain threads, said textile warp threads and a multiple of eight shots of said weft threads and said ribbed sections by interweaving other textile warp threads with a multiple of eight shots of said weft threads so as to produce a number of ribs corresponding to said'latter multiple without binding said rubber warp threads so as to leave the latter their full elasticity and retractability in each rib, said weaving being carried out by the use of nine healds, one for working the rubber warp threads, the four following healds for working the textile warp threads producing the transversely ribbed sections and the four last healds for working the textile warp threads producing the plain sections and by suitably raising and lowering the healds working said textile warp threads according to the weave diagram.

4L. The method of weaving a length of improved elastic fabric presenting on both faces and on its whole surface a tessellated appearance by being constituted by a series of very elastic transversely ribbed squares and a series of elastic plain squares arranged in staggered relation and made up of rubber warp threads, textile warp threads and textile weft threads in the proportion of one rubber warp thread for four textile warp threads, such method consisting to produce such plain squares by interweaving said rubber warp threads, said textile warp threads and a multiple of eight shots of said textile weft threads and said ribbed squares by interweaving textile warp threads with a multiple of eight shots of said weft threads so as to produce in each ribbed square a number of ribs corresponding to said latter multiple without binding said rubber warp threads so as to leave the latter their full elasticity and retractability in each rib, said weaving being carried out by the use of nine healds, one for working the rubber warp threads, the four following ones for working the textile warp threads producing the transversely ribbed squares and the four last healds for working the textile warp threads producing the plain squares, the quincuncial arrangement of the respective ribbed and plain squares being obtained by suitably raising and lowering said textile warp threads according to a differentiated weave diagram so as to cause the work performed by the four last healds to be intermittently replaced by the work performed by the four preceding healds and vice versa.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ALFRED LAURAIN. 

